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No.'752,599. PATENTED FEB; 16, 1904.

B. P. B, SEWELL. PROGESS 0F EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18. 1903.

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No. 752,599. PATENTED FEB. 16, 1904.

B. F. B. SEWELL. PROCESS OF EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18. 1903. N0 MODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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No. 752,599. PATENTED FEB. 16, 1904.

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PROCESS OF EVAPORAIING LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18. 1903.

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No. 752,599. PATENTED FEB. 16, 1904.

l B. F.'B. SEWELLV PROCESS OF EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18. 1903. N0 MODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET .4.

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No. 752,599. PA TENTED FEB. 16, 1904.

' B. F. B. SEWELI PROCESS OF EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18. 1903.

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UNITEI) STATES iatenteoi Februar 16, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE. j

BENJAMIN F. BROOKE SEWELL, OF SKIEN, NORWAY.

PROCESS OF EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 752,599, dated February 16, 1904.

Application filed March 18, 1903. Serial No. 148,462. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

certain improvements in the art of removing.

solids from fluids in which they are held in solution or suspension by the evaporation of such fluids; and the invention has for its ob ject the maintenance of two or more bodies of the liquid containing the solid under different pressures, subjecting one or all of said bodies of liquid to an evaporating temperature, causing the solid precipitated from the body under the lower pressure to be deposited in the body of liquid under the higher temperature, and then removing the solid from such liquid without changing the pressures on said bodies.

The invention is hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a form of apparatus adapted to the practice of my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view on a plane indicated by the line II II, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similar view illustrating a modification of the apparatus. Fig.

1 is a sectional view on a plane indicated by the line IV IV, Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 illustrates another form of apparatus adapted to the practice of the invention.

In the practice of my invention I employ a series of two or more inverted-V-shaped portions 1, arranged, respectively, one over the other and each provided along its lower edge with pockets 2. Into these pockets project the lower edges of curtain-walls 3, which are extensions of the sides of the V- shaped portions 1 and are preferably formed independent thereof for a portion of their length, so as to provide air-spaces I, but are secured to the V-shaped portions, so as to form a tight joint therewith along their upper edges. These curtain-walls form, with the sides of the V-shaped portions, which they overlap, passages 5, extending from the pockets 2 to the chambers A B C, respectively, formed between two adjacent V-shaped portions, as shown. As in the use of this apparatus I employ a method described in application, Serial No. 141,976, filed by me February 5, 1903, whereby the latent heat developed by condensation of the vapor in one chamber is utilized in heating the liquid in another chamber, I

provide means, such as the troughs orcollectors 6, for catching the water condensation as it flows down the inner sides of the V-shaped portions. These troughs or collectors are connected by pipes 7 to any suitable exhaust apparatus whereby a suitable vacuum may be maintained in the several evaporatingchambers.

In the practice of myinvention heat isapplied in any suitable manner to the inner surfaces of the lower V-shaped portion, so as to heat the liquid contained in the lower chamber to an evaporating temperature. The liquid to be evaporated is fed into the pockets 2 and is forced up by atmospheric pressure through the passages 5 into the several evaporating-chambers, in which a suitable yacuum is maintained, dependent upon the level of liquid desired in the several chambers. As the solids are formed in or precipitated from the several bodies of liquid they will pass down through such liquid into the bodies of liquid in the pockets 2, from which they can be removed in any suitable manner. As the lower edges of the V-shaped portions or extensions thereof project into the liquid contained in the pockets, as above stated, a constant seal will be maintained, and the solids can be removed from the pockets without disturbing such seals, and consequently without any change in the pressure to which the several bodies of liquid in the evaporating-chambers are subjected. It will be observed that the solids as they are precipitated pass from a body of liquid of a certain predetermined pressure into another body of liquidz'. a,

that contained in the pockets subjected to a higher pressure.

In the construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4:

.tWo or more series of inverted- V-shapedportions 1 1 1 are arranged across a case or shell 8. The lower edges of the V-shaped portions of the lower series and the lower edges of the case or shell 8 project down into liquid contained in the outer pockets 2 and intermediate pockets 2. The outer pockets may be formed integral with the sides of the outer V-shaped portions of the lower series. The second series of V-shaped portions are arranged over those of the lower series, and the side or curtain walls 9 of the upper series extend down between adjacent V-shaped portions of the lower series and between the outer V-shaped portions of such series and the wall of the case or shell. Each of the series is similarly arranged, as shown. By this arrangement two or more series of evaporating-chambersA, B, and C are formed beas heretofore described. It will be observed that the liquid for each evaporating-chamber is forced from the pockets by fluid-pressure, difierent degrees of vacuum being maintained in the several series of evaporating-chambers. It is characteristic of my improvement that a solid precipitated in the upper evaporatingchamber passes down into the liquid in the next lower chamber, thence into the one below that, and finally into the pockets, from which the solids can be removed by any suitable means-such, for example, as rotatable worm conveyers 10operating in the pockets 2 2 for the purpose of removing the solids.

In cases where it is undesirable or impossible to employ a vacuum to cause liquid to flow to the upper chambers the pockets 2 and 2 may be closed in and a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure may be maintained therein. As the efliciency of the apparatus as regards evaporation per square inch of heating-surface is proportional to differences of pressure in adjacent bodies of liquid, the efficiency of my improved apparatus can be increased by so constructing it that the evaporating-surfaces are separated a considerable distance. If both pressure and vacuum are employed to effect the upward movement of the liquid, the separation of the bodies of liquid can be greatly increased, with a consequent increase in efficiency.

In Fig. 5 is shownaform of apparatus now in common use for evaporating liquids, but

so modified as to be capable of carrying out,

my method. In this construction the evaporators consist of drums 11', having diaphragms or heads having secured therein the ends of tubes 12, through which the liquid to be evaporated can pass, said drums being connected by a pipe 13 to any suitable source of steam or other heating fluid and also having an outlet 1& for the escape of condensation. The second drum 11 is so connected to the first that the vapors generated in the first drum pass around the tubes 12 in the second drum and form the heating agent therefor. The lower ends of these drums are provided with conical portions 15, having their lower edges projecting into pockets 2, containing liquid to be evaporated. A suitable vacuum is maintained in the upper portion of the first drum by any suitable means, as the condensation of vapor in the second drum, while a vacuum is maintained by a condenser or other suitable apparatus at the upper end of the second drum, so that liquid to be evaporated is forced up into the drums by atmospheric pressure.

I claim herein as my invention 1. As an improvement in the art of separating solids from liquids the method herein described which consists in maintaining difierent pressures of two bodies of liquid from which the solid is to be removed, subjecting the body under the lower pressure to an evaporating temperature, causing the deposit of solids formed in such body into the body of liquid under the higher pressure and removing such solids without materially changing the pressures on said bodies, substantially as set forth.

2.- As an improvement in the art of separating solids from liquids, the method herein described which consists in maintaining a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure of the surface of the liquid containing the solid to be removed, causing the deposit of the solids formed in such body into a body of liquid subjected to a higher pressure and removing the solids from such body of liquid without materially changing the pressure on the evaporating-surface, substantially as set forth.

3. As an improvement in the art of separating solids from liquids, the method herein described which consists in maintaining different pressures in two or more bodies of liquid from which the solid is to be removed, subjecting said bodies of liquid to an evaporating temperature, causing the deposit of the solids formed in each of said bodies of liquid into a body of liquid subjected to a pressure higher than that on the body in which the solid was formed, and removing such solids from the last body of liquid without materially changing the pressures on said bodies, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

BENJAMIN F. BROOKE SEWELL.

Witnesses:

F. E. GAITHER, DARWIN S. VVoLoo'r'r. 

